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A meniscus tear is an injury that occurs in the meniscus. Meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage structure found in the knee joint. The menisci serve as shock absorbers and provide stability to the knee. These tears usually occur from forceful twisting or rotating of the knee, often during sports activities or heavy lifting. Degenerative changes can also weaken the meniscus over time and increase the risk of tears. Individuals, especially those who are active in sports, are particularly prone to meniscus tears.
The common symptoms of a meniscus tear include knee pain, swelling, stiffness, locking or catching sensations, popping or clicking sounds, and limited range of motion. Seeking medical attention from an orthopedic surgeon is crucial for proper diagnosis. The diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests. Treatment options for meniscus tear depend on factors such as the tear’s location, size, and severity, as well as the patient’s age and activity level. Conservative measures like rest, ice, physical therapy, and supportive devices such as crutches or knee braces can also help in minor tears. While in some cases, surgical intervention is required to repair or remove the torn portion of the meniscus.
Meniscus tear grades range from Grade 1 (minor fraying) to Grade 3 (complete tear). Treatment and recovery depend on the tear’s severity, with Grade 1 often managed conservatively and Grade 3 potentially requiring surgical intervention. Prompt medical evaluation is essential for proper care.
Diagnosis
During diagnosis, an orthopedic surgeon conducts a thorough physical examination to assess the severity of the meniscus tear. A doctor also asks about the symptoms, the intensity of the pain in the knee joint, if any injury happened in the past, etc. The doctor also puts slight pressure to check the tenderness and swelling around the affected area. In addition, to detect the severity of the meniscus tear, the surgeon will recommend a few diagnostic tests, such as.
The main treatment options for a meniscus tear include:
The most common treatment procedure for a torn meniscus is knee arthroscopy. It usually takes less than an hour and is performed under the influence of anesthesia. In knee arthroscopy, the doctor cleans the skin on your knee and covers the rest of your leg with a surgical drape.
Afterward, they place a clamp on your upper thigh to help with positioning during surgery. The surgeon makes a few small stab incisions (cuts) in your knee called portals and then fills the knee joint with a sterile fluid. The fluid helps control minor bleeding in the joint and washes away debris, which helps the surgeon see inside the joint.
After that, a surgeon inserts a small tool called an arthroscope into the incision. An arthroscope is a thin tube with a small light and video camera at the end. The camera projects video images from inside your knee onto a monitor. A surgeon uses the arthroscope to look at the tear and decide what surgical procedure to perform:
A surgeon may insert other surgical tools depending on the technique used. When the meniscectomy or meniscus repair is complete, the surgeon closes the portals with stitches or surgical strips and covers the knee with a bandage.
Non-surgical treatment for a meniscus tear aims to manage symptoms, promote healing, and improve knee function without undergoing surgery. Non-surgical treatment options include:
The following are a few tips that can help you prepare for meniscus surgery-
Prepare your home: Keep your home prepared before your surgery to make it more accessible and comfortable for your recovery duration.
Meniscectomy is an advanced surgical procedure that is performed using a minimally invasive technique. The following are the benefits of undergoing minimally invasive meniscectomy as compared to the traditional method of meniscus repair-
Recovery after the meniscus surgery generally depends on the severity of the tear in the tissue. Therefore, it is very important to continue physiotherapy to help speed up the recovery. In most cases, complete recovery after meniscus surgery takes about 4-6 months. However, you can start doing limited physical activity, such as walking, even within a week after the surgery. You can promote healing after knee reconstruction surgery by:
Like any surgical procedure, meniscus tear surgery carries certain risks and potential complications. It’s important to discuss these risks with your healthcare provider before undergoing surgery. Here are some of the possible risks and complications associated with meniscus tear surgery:
It’s important to note that the risks and complications associated with meniscus tear surgery are generally low, and many individuals experience positive outcomes.
Here are some lifestyle changes that you can adopt to promote healing after meniscus tear surgery:
Remember that the lifestyle changes following meniscus tear surgery can vary depending on individual circumstances. It’s important to follow the instructions provided by your surgeon and consult with them or a physical therapist for personalized advice.
The following are a few home remedies that may help you reduce discomfort and pain caused due to meniscus tears (mild to moderate)-
The average cost of arthroscopic meniscus surgery may range from Rs. <minCost> to Rs. <maxCost>. The cost range is highly arbitrary and depends on a variety of factors, such as:
Listed below are some signs of meniscus tear healing:
It is important to note that healing time can vary depending on the severity of the tear and individual factors. It is crucial to follow the advice of your healthcare provider, undergo any prescribed physical therapy, and allow your body sufficient time to heal effectively.
Before meniscus tear surgery, it is important to ask the following questions to your surgeon-
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